提高二灰砂砾基层早期强度的方法研究

为了提高二灰砂砾基层早期强度,提出在二灰砂砾混合料中加入早强剂,通过室内试验和试验路的调查,对比分析了不同添加剂及剂量对二灰砂砾早期强度的影响。虽然用化学外掺剂提高二灰砂砾的早期强度效果较明显,但由于价格高,会较大地增加工程造价,而用水泥提高二灰砂砾早期强度具有施工方便,材料来源丰富,增加工程费用少,较低气温下提高早强效果亦很明显的特点,因此水泥是提高二灰砂砾早期强度的最好外掺剂。     

波浪荷载作用下防波堤地基软化特性的试验研究

长江口防波堤在建造期间遭到了强热带风暴的袭击,致使一部分沉箱结构或沉入土中1~5 m,或偏移初始位置20m。本文通过动三轴试验模拟了波浪荷载作用下地基的变化情况,试验结果显示,沉箱的过度沉陷和侧移是由于强风暴使得软粘土强度弱化所引起的。根据试验结果,提出了竖向排水联合堆载预压的方法来加固软土地基,为证明该方法的有效性,在加固的软土地基上对防波堤进行了重建。重建后经历几次强风暴该防波堤无损坏迹象。     

碳纤维布与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

对碳纤维布与钢板复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能进行试验研究,探讨了混凝土强度、纵筋配筋率、碳纤维布用量、钢板用量、锚固方式等对复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的破坏机理、受力性能的影响。试验结果表明:碳纤维与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁能有效地提高截面承载力,约束裂缝的发展,提高刚度;加载点及端部采用的U型钢板箍较好地防止了梁中剥离破坏的发生。同单种材料加固梁相比,复合加固梁的抗弯性能有较好的改善。     

粉煤灰取代矿粉在路面基层水泥中的应用研究

利用粉煤灰取代矿粉制备路面基层专用水泥,研究了粉煤灰的掺量对路面基层专用水泥的凝结时间、强度、胀缩特性的影响.结果表明：粉煤灰在掺量为15％的条件下,路面基层专用水泥的凝结时间、微膨胀性能均满足相应的施工要求,强度明显高于P·C32.5级水泥力学性能的指标.且采用粉煤灰取代矿粉生产路面基层专用水泥有效降低了水泥的生产成本,具有良好的经济效益.     

关于全风化花岗岩抗剪强度的探讨

全风化花岗岩是一种具有粘性土和砂性土特性的特殊土,特殊的结构和性质使得土工试验室测定其抗剪强度要求较高.结合目前土工试验室的实际操作情况,对试样剪切过程进行分析,并选择合适的测定方法,可真实地反映全风化花岗岩的抗剪强度.     

拱管桥结构分析

该文结合通州市区域供水东线工程—运石河拱管桥工程设计实例,对拱管桥的内力计算、强度验算及稳定性分析作全面详尽的论述。此外利用M IDAS/CIVIL软件建立该桥计算模型,计算和分析了各工况下拱管桥的受力情况。其分析结果可供工程设计和施工部门参考和借鉴。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

Analysis of the accident of the MVNakhodka. Part 1. Estimation of wave loads

MVNakhodka collapsed and broke in two on January 2, 1997 in the Sea of Japan, giving rise to a serious and disastrous oil spill on the coastline of Japan. During the inquiry into the cause of the accident, one of the main tasks of the inquiry committee was to identify the external loads which made the ship structure collapse. Among the several possible scenarios for the accident, after careful examination, the wave loads in the heavy weather at the time of the accident were taken to be the most plausible cause. The results of that research are described in two papers, and the present paper deals with the way in which wave loads on theNakhodka at the moment of the accident were estimated. We first describe the details of the accident such as the location, the sea condition, the loading condition, and the ship's heading speed. Then the static loads resulting from the distribution of the cargo weight and the buoyancy are given to show that the static bending moment at the time of the accident caused extreme sagging. Next the wave loads in the irregular waves, calculated by the nonlinear time domain simulation program SRSLAM, are presented. It is shown that the bending moment in the waves reaches 1 087 800 KN^*m at maximum SS 6.9, which is where the hull girder collapse took place. It was concluded that the ship broke in two because the bending moment exceeded the hull girder strength which had been reduced due to corrosion, taking into account conclusions derived from the research dealing with the structural strength aspect. We also discuss the stochastic significance of the estimated value and nonlinear nature of the peak distribution, in addition to the effects of the ship speed and wave heading on the wave load estimation. This article is based on an article that appeared in Japanese in the Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 183 (1998).     

内河400t散装水泥船设计要点

分析内河散装水泥船的布置和结构特点,在400 t内河散装水泥船设计中,根据相关规范和规定,综合考虑船舶的布置、强度和稳性,根据航道条件合理选择推进方式,保证船舶安全营运。     

矿渣粉稳定黄土强度试验及机理分析

针对公路工程石灰稳定黄土早期强度低、耐久性能差及水泥稳定土成本高、施工质量控制难等问题,利用矿渣粉,并掺加激发剂和粉煤灰,综合稳定黄土。按照无机结合料稳定土试验,进行了矿渣粉、石灰和水泥稳定黄土无侧限抗压强度试验,并进行比较。结果表明:同等稳定材料掺量条件下,矿渣粉稳定黄土7 d抗压强度要明显高于石灰稳定黄土,与水泥稳定黄土同期抗压强度相当,而矿渣粉稳定黄土性能价格比最高。分析了矿渣粉稳定黄土机理,认为矿渣粉在激发剂和粉煤灰共同作用下,活性得到充分发挥,产生复合胶凝效应和填充增强效应,提高了土体的7 d抗压强度,并提出矿渣粉稳定黄土机理框图。